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Old English literature (sometimes referred to as Anglo-Saxon literature) encompasses literature written in Old English (also called Anglo-Saxon) in Anglo-Saxon England from the 7th century to the decades after the Norman Conquest of 1066. "Cædmon's Hymn", composed in the 7th century according to Bede, is often considered the oldest extant poem in English, whereas the later poem, ''The Grave'' is one of the final poems written in Old English, and presents a transitional text between Old and Middle English.〔Leher, "The Genre of the Grave and the Origins of the Middle English Lyric”〕 Likewise, the ''Peterborough Chronicle'' continues until the 12th century. The poem ''Beowulf'', which often begins the traditional canon of English literature, is the most famous work of Old English literature. The ''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'' has also proven significant for historical study, preserving a chronology of early English history. In descending order of quantity, Old English literature consists of: sermons and saints' lives; biblical translations; translated Latin works of the early Church Fathers; Anglo-Saxon chronicles and narrative history works; laws, wills and other legal works; practical works on grammar, medicine, geography; and poetry.〔 In all there are over 400 surviving manuscripts from the period, of which about 189 are considered "major".〔Ker, ''Catalogue'', xv.〕 Besides Old English literature, Anglo-Saxons wrote a number of Anglo-Latin works. ==Scholarship== Old English literature has gone through different periods of research; in the 19th and early 20th centuries the focus was on the Germanic and pagan roots that scholars thought they could detect in Old English literature.〔Stanely, ''Imagining the Anglo-Saxon Past''〕 Later, on account of the work of Bernard F. Huppé,〔''Doctrine and Poetry: Augustine's Influence on Old English Poetry''〕 the influence of Augustinian exegesis was emphasised.〔Hill, "Confronting 'Germania Latina': changing responses to Old English biblical verse"〕 Today, along with a focus upon paleography and the physical manuscripts themselves more generally, scholars debate such issues as dating, place of origin, authorship, and the connections between Anglo-Saxon culture and the rest of Europe in the Middle Ages, and literary merits.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Old English literature」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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